Textbook Question
Complete the following statements:
a. The atomic number gives the number of _____ in the nucleus.
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2. Atoms and the Periodic Table
Subatomic Particles (Simplified)
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How many atoms are contained in 0.230 g of sodium, Na? The mass of one sodium atom is 23.99 amu.
A
7.197 x 1011
B
4.182 x 103
C
5.775 x 1021
D
9.181 x 1041
Verified step by step guidance1
First, understand that the problem requires converting the mass of sodium given in grams to the number of atoms. This involves using the molar mass of sodium and Avogadro's number.
Calculate the molar mass of sodium (Na). Sodium has an atomic mass of approximately 23.99 amu, which is equivalent to 23.99 g/mol.
Convert the given mass of sodium from grams to moles using the formula: \( \text{moles of Na} = \frac{\text{mass of Na in grams}}{\text{molar mass of Na}} \). Substitute the given values: \( \text{moles of Na} = \frac{0.230 \text{ g}}{23.99 \text{ g/mol}} \).
Use Avogadro's number to convert moles of sodium to atoms. Avogadro's number is \( 6.022 \times 10^{23} \text{ atoms/mol} \). Multiply the moles of sodium by Avogadro's number: \( \text{atoms of Na} = \text{moles of Na} \times 6.022 \times 10^{23} \text{ atoms/mol} \).
Perform the multiplication to find the number of atoms in 0.230 g of sodium. This will give you the final answer in terms of the number of atoms.
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