Question 1

According to the Kinetic Molecular Theory, which of the following statements best explains why gases are easily compressed?

Accepted Answer

The actual volume occupied by gas molecules is extremely small compared to the volume the gas occupies.

Question 2

A sample of nitrogen gas occupies a volume of 8.0 L at a pressure of 2.0 atm. If the pressure is decreased to 1.0 atm at constant temperature, what will be the new volume of the gas? (Use Boyle’s Law: $$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2)$$

Accepted Answer

$$16.0\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the temperature and pressure of a gas, according to Gay-Lussac’s Law?

Accepted Answer

Pressure is directly proportional to temperature in Kelvin.

Question 4

A gas sample has a pressure of 500 mmHg at 27°C. What will the pressure be at 127°C, assuming constant volume and amount? (Use Gay-Lussac’s Law: $$\frac{P_1$}{T_1$} = \frac{P_2$}{T_2$}$$, temperatures in Kelvin)

Accepted Answer

$$667\ \mathrm{mmHg}$$

Question 5

Why does water boil at a lower temperature in the mountains than at sea level?

Accepted Answer

The atmospheric pressure is lower at higher altitudes, so water molecules need less energy to escape into the gas phase.

Question 6

A sample of oxygen gas has a volume of 420 mL at 18°C. At what temperature (in °C) will the volume be 640 mL? (Use Charles’s Law: $$\frac{V_1$}{T_1$} = \frac{V_2$}{T_2$}$$, temperatures in Kelvin)

Accepted Answer

$$186\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a standard unit for measuring gas pressure?

Accepted Answer

mol

Question 8

If a gas in a sealed container is heated from 300 K to 600 K, what happens to the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules?

Accepted Answer

It doubles.

Question 9

A sample of helium gas has a volume of 10.0 L at a pressure of 1.5 atm. If the volume is compressed to 5.0 L at constant temperature, what is the new pressure? (Use Boyle’s Law: $$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2)$$

Accepted Answer

$$3.0\ \mathrm{atm}$$

Question 10

Which property of a gas is most directly related to the force of collisions of gas particles with the walls of a container?

Accepted Answer

Pressure

Question 11

A weather balloon is filled with 2.0 L of helium at 1.0 atm and 300 K. If the balloon rises to a region where the pressure is 0.5 atm and the temperature is 250 K, what is the new volume? (Assume amount of gas is constant. Use combined gas law: $$\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1$} = \frac{P_2V_2}{T_2$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$3.0\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude?

Accepted Answer

There are fewer gas particles above you as altitude increases.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct equality for pressure units?

Accepted Answer

$$1\ \mathrm{atm} = 760\ \mathrm{mmHg}$$

Question 14

A gas sample is cooled from 400 K to 200 K at constant pressure. What happens to the volume of the gas? (Use Charles’s Law: $$\frac{V_1$}{T_1$} = \frac{V_2$}{T_2$})$$

Accepted Answer

The volume decreases by half.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement of Boyle’s Law?

Accepted Answer

The pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature.

Gas Laws and Properties: Kinetic Molecular Theory and Relationships

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