Textbook Question
Consider an ion with the symbol X²⁺ formed from a representative element. (6.1, 6.2, 6.3)c. If X is in Period 3, what is the element?
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4. Atoms and Elements
Periodic Table: Main Group Element Charges
Multiple Choice
In the periodic table, which type of element most commonly forms cations (positively charged ions)?
A
Metalloids exclusively
B
Noble gases
C
Nonmetals (especially halogens)
D
Metals (especially main-group metals)
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand what a cation is: a cation is an ion with a positive charge, meaning it has lost one or more electrons.
Recall that elements tend to form ions to achieve a stable electron configuration, often resembling the nearest noble gas configuration.
Recognize that metals, especially main-group metals, have relatively low ionization energies, making it easier for them to lose electrons and form cations.
Contrast this with nonmetals and metalloids, which more commonly gain electrons to form anions (negatively charged ions) rather than lose electrons.
Conclude that metals are the type of elements that most commonly form cations due to their tendency to lose electrons during chemical reactions.
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