supra-

above; over; beyond

suprarenal (above the kidney)

trans-

across; through

transdermal (through the skin)

post-

after; behind

postoperative (after surgery)

anti-

against

antibiotic (against life, i.e., bacteria)

contra-

against

contraceptive (against conception)

pan-

all

pancytopenia (deficiency of all blood cells)

par-

apart from

paracrine (signaling apart from the cell)

circum-

around

circumoral (around the mouth)

peri-

around; about

pericardium (around the heart)

ex-

away from; outside

exhale (to breathe out)

retro-

backward; behind

retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum)

dys-

bad; difficult; painful; disordered

dysfunction (abnormal function)

mal-

bad; poor

malnutrition (poor nutrition)

ante-

before; in front

antepartum (before birth)

pre-

before; in front

prenatal (before birth)

infra-

beneath; below; under

infrascapular (below the scapula)

sub-

beneath; under

subcutaneous (under the skin)

inter-

between

intercostal (between the ribs)

meta-

beyond; after; change

metastasis (change of place, spread of disease)

ultra-

beyond; excess

ultrasound (beyond sound, high-frequency sound waves)

ambi-

both; both sides

ambidextrous (able to use both hands)

de-

down; from

dehydrate (remove water)

cata-

down; under; against; lower

catabolism (breakdown of substances)

hyper-

excessive; above

hypertension (high blood pressure)

pseudo-

false

pseudocyst (false cyst)

primi-

first

primigravida (first pregnancy)

quadri-

four

quadriplegia (paralysis of four limbs)

dis-

free of; to undo; double; negative

disinfect (to free from infection)

ab-

from; away from; absent

abduction (movement away from midline)

hemi-

half

hemiplegia (paralysis of one side)

semi-

half

semilunar (half-moon shaped)

in-

in; inside; within; not

inhalation (breathing in), inactive (not active)

idio-

individual

idiopathic (of unknown individual cause)

sym-

joined; together

symbiosis (living together)

syn-

joined; together

syndrome (group of symptoms occurring together)

mega-

large

megacolon (abnormally large colon)

bio-

life

biology (study of life)

homeo-

likeness; same

homeostasis (state of sameness)

multi-

many

multicellular (many cells)

poly-

many; much

polyuria (excessive urination)

meso-

middle

mesoderm (middle layer of embryo)

cine-

movement

cinematography (recording movement)

juxta-

near; beside

juxtaglomerular (near the glomerulus)

para-

near; beside; beyond; two like parts

parathyroid (beside the thyroid)

nulli-

none

nullipara (woman who has never given birth)

im-

not

immobile (not movable)

non-

not

noninvasive (not entering the body)

ana-

not; without; against

anaphylaxis (against protection)

uni-

one

unilateral (one side)

mono-

one; single

monocyte (single cell)

milli-

one-thousandth

milligram (one-thousandth of a gram)

ecto-

outside

ectoderm (outer layer of embryo)

extra-

outside; beyond

extracellular (outside the cell)

exo-

outward

exocrine (secreting outward)

tachy-

rapid

tachycardia (rapid heart rate)

oxy-

rapid; sharp

oxytocin (quick birth)

rube-

red

rubella (disease causing red rash)

homo-

same

homogeneous (of the same kind)

auto-

self

autoimmune (immune response against self)

hypno-

sleep; hypnosis

hypnotic (inducing sleep)

brady-

slow

bradycardia (slow heart rate)

echo-

sound

echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart)

pachy-

thick

pachyderma (thick skin)

tri-

three

tricuspid (three cusps)

dia-

through; between

dialysis (separation through a membrane)

per-

through; intense

percutaneous (through the skin)

con-

together; with

congenital (born with)

ad-

toward; increase

adduction (movement toward midline)

bi-

two; double

bicuspid (two cusps)

hypo-

under; below; beneath; less than normal

hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)

aniso-

unequal

anisocytosis (unequal cell size)

epi-

upon; over; after

epidermis (upon the skin)

hydro-

water

hydrocephalus (water in the brain)

eu-

well; easily; good; normal

eupnea (normal breathing)

alb-

white

albino (person with white skin and hair)

intra-

within

intravenous (within a vein)

endo-

within; inner

endoscope (instrument to view inside)

an-

without; not

anemia (without enough red blood cells)

a-

without; not; away from

apnea (without breathing)