Although an effective vaccine is available to eradicate pertussis in the United States, why has the number of reported cases increased since the 1970s?

Which of the following is a bile-tolerant anaerobe?

a. Bacteroides

b. Escherichia

c. Shigella

d. Prevotella

Match each bacterium with the disease or manifestations it causes.

1. _____ Escherichia coli

2. _____ Klebsiella pneumoniae

3. _____ Proteus mirabilis

4. _____ Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi

5. _____ Shigella flexneri

6. _____ Yersinia pestis

A. Bubonic plague

B. Typhoid fever

C. Gastroenteritis

D. Kidney stones

E. Pus-filled, bloody stools; cramps; fever; and diarrhea

F. Pneumonia

Name six factors that facilitate the production of disease by Bordetella pertussis.

Given that pseudomonads are present in almost every moist environment, why do they cause less disease than other, less prevalent Gram-negative bacteria?

What two illnesses can be caused by Legionella pneumophila?

Label the following drawing using these words: adhesin, exotoxin, H antigens, hemolysin, iron-binding protein, K antigens, outer membrane (with common antigen, lipid A, and O antigen), fimbria, plasmid virulence genes, type III secretion system.

Shown is a MacConkey agar plate. Describe the Gram reaction and lactose fermentation of the two different bacteria shown.

A physician prescribes fluid replacement to treat a patient with diarrhea. Although tests showed that a pathogenic enteric bacterium was the cause of the intestinal distress, an antimicrobial drug was not prescribed; why not?