Textbook Question
A tourniquet test can be used to identify which disease?
a. Dengue fever
b. Zika
c. HTLV
d. Lyme disease
e. Rocky Mountain spotted fever
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21. Principles of Disease
Characteristics of Infectious Disease
3:24 minutesProblem 5
Textbook Question
What virus is responsible for mononucleosis and Burkitt’s lymphoma?
a. Dengue virus
b. Yellow fever virus
c. Human immunodeficiency virus
d. Plasmodium falciparum
e. Epstein-Barr virus
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the diseases mentioned in the question. Infectious mononucleosis is a disease characterized by fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes, often caused by a viral infection.
Step 2: Recognize that Burkitt's lymphoma is a type of cancer affecting B cells, commonly associated with a viral infection in certain regions.
Step 3: Recall that the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the herpesvirus family known to cause infectious mononucleosis and is also linked to the development of Burkitt's lymphoma.
Step 4: Review the other options: Dengue virus and Yellow fever virus are flaviviruses causing different diseases; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes AIDS; Plasmodium falciparum is a protozoan parasite causing malaria, not a virus.
Step 5: Conclude that the virus responsible for both mononucleosis and Burkitt’s lymphoma is the Epstein-Barr virus, corresponding to option (e).
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Video duration:
3mKey Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
EBV is a herpesvirus known for causing infectious mononucleosis, often called the 'kissing disease.' It infects B cells and epithelial cells, establishing lifelong latency. EBV is also linked to certain cancers, including Burkitt’s lymphoma, by promoting uncontrolled B cell proliferation.
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Mononucleosis
Mononucleosis is an infectious disease characterized by fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes. It is primarily caused by EBV infection, which triggers an immune response involving atypical lymphocytes. Understanding its viral origin helps differentiate it from bacterial or other viral infections.
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
Burkitt’s lymphoma is a fast-growing B cell cancer commonly associated with EBV infection, especially in regions with high malaria prevalence. The virus contributes to oncogenesis by altering gene expression and promoting chromosomal translocations involving the MYC gene, leading to uncontrolled cell growth.
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