Multiple Choice
Type III hypersensitivity is caused by the immune system’s reaction to immune complexes. Immune complexes are made of aggregates of which of the following?
27. Immunological Disorders
Type III Hypersensitivities
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Which of the following is a systemic type III hypersensitivity involving immune complexes against DNA that damage multiple organs?
A
Rheumatoid arthritis.
B
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
C
Glomerulonephritis.
D
Arthus reactions.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the types of hypersensitivity reactions. There are four main types (I-IV), with type III involving immune complex-mediated reactions where antigen-antibody complexes deposit in tissues causing inflammation and damage.
Step 2: Recognize that systemic type III hypersensitivity affects multiple organs due to widespread immune complex deposition, unlike localized reactions which affect a single site.
Step 3: Identify diseases associated with systemic type III hypersensitivity. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a classic example where immune complexes form against nuclear components such as DNA, leading to multi-organ damage.
Step 4: Differentiate SLE from other options: Rheumatoid arthritis is primarily a type IV hypersensitivity; glomerulonephritis can be a manifestation of type III but is not systemic by itself; Arthus reaction is a localized type III hypersensitivity.
Step 5: Conclude that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the systemic type III hypersensitivity involving immune complexes against DNA that damage multiple organs.
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