Multiple Choice
Which type of microscopy was used to observe the first strands of DNA?
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17. Biotechnology
Introduction to DNA-Based Technology
1:56 minutesProblem 7
Textbook Question
List at least two examples of the use of rDNA in medicine and in agriculture.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that rDNA (recombinant DNA) technology involves combining DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations that are useful in medicine and agriculture.
In medicine, one common use of rDNA is the production of human insulin by inserting the human insulin gene into bacteria, which then produce insulin for diabetic patients.
Another medical application is the development of vaccines, such as the hepatitis B vaccine, where rDNA technology is used to produce viral proteins that stimulate immunity without causing disease.
In agriculture, rDNA is used to create genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests or herbicides, such as Bt corn, which contains a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis that produces a natural insecticide.
Another agricultural use is the development of crops with improved nutritional content, like Golden Rice, which has been engineered to produce beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A.
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1mKey Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Recombinant DNA Technology
Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology involves combining DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations. This technique allows scientists to manipulate genes for various applications, such as producing proteins or modifying organisms, by inserting specific DNA sequences into host cells.
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Applications of rDNA in Medicine
In medicine, rDNA is used to produce important therapeutic proteins like insulin and human growth hormone. It also enables the development of vaccines and gene therapy, improving disease treatment and prevention by targeting genetic causes or producing safer, more effective medicines.
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Applications of rDNA in Agriculture
In agriculture, rDNA technology is used to create genetically modified crops with desirable traits such as pest resistance, herbicide tolerance, and improved nutritional content. This enhances crop yield, reduces chemical use, and helps address food security challenges.
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