Textbook Question
Self-replicating DNA for transmitting a gene from one organism to another.
a. Antisense
b. Clone
c. Library
d. Southern blot
e. Vector
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Ch. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA Technology
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Microbial World and You18
- Ch. 2 - Chemical Principles20
- Ch. 3 - Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope18
- Ch. 4 - Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells21
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism20
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 7 - The Control of Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 8 - Microbial Genetics19
- Ch. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA Technology20
- Ch. 10 - Classification of Microorganisms15
- Ch. 11 - The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea14
- Ch. 12 - The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths17
- Ch. 13 - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions20
- Ch. 14 - Principles of Disease and Epidemiology21
- Ch. 15 - Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity19
- Ch. 16 - Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 17 - Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology20
- Ch. 19 - Disorders Associated with the Immune System19
- Ch. 20 - Antimicrobial Drugs19
- Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes21
- Ch. 22 - Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System19
- Ch. 23 - Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems20
- Ch. 24 - Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System20
- Ch. 25 - Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System20
- Ch. 26 - Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems19
- Ch. 27 - Environmental Microbiology20
- Ch. 28 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology19
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 9, Problem 7
List at least two examples of the use of rDNA in medicine and in agriculture.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that rDNA (recombinant DNA) technology involves combining DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations that are useful in medicine and agriculture.
In medicine, one common use of rDNA is the production of human insulin by inserting the human insulin gene into bacteria, which then produce insulin for diabetic patients.
Another medical application is the development of vaccines, such as the hepatitis B vaccine, where rDNA technology is used to produce viral proteins that stimulate immunity without causing disease.
In agriculture, rDNA is used to create genetically modified crops that are resistant to pests or herbicides, such as Bt corn, which contains a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis that produces a natural insecticide.
Another agricultural use is the development of crops with improved nutritional content, like Golden Rice, which has been engineered to produce beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Recombinant DNA Technology
Recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology involves combining DNA from different sources to create new genetic combinations. This technique allows scientists to manipulate genes for various applications, such as producing proteins or modifying organisms, by inserting specific DNA sequences into host cells.
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Map of DNA-Based Technology Lesson
Applications of rDNA in Medicine
In medicine, rDNA is used to produce important therapeutic proteins like insulin and human growth hormone. It also enables the development of vaccines and gene therapy, improving disease treatment and prevention by targeting genetic causes or producing safer, more effective medicines.
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Applications of rDNA in Agriculture
In agriculture, rDNA technology is used to create genetically modified crops with desirable traits such as pest resistance, herbicide tolerance, and improved nutritional content. This enhances crop yield, reduces chemical use, and helps address food security challenges.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Pieces of human DNA stored in yeast cells.
a. Antisense
b. Clone
c. Library
d. Southern blot
e. Vector
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Textbook Question
You have a small gene that you want replicated by PCR. You add fluorescent dye-labeled nucleotides to the PCR thermal cycler. After three replication cycles, what percentage of the DNA single strands will fluoresce?
a. 0%
b. 12.5%
c. 50%
d. 87.5%
e. 100%
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Textbook Question
Describe an rDNA experiment in two or three sentences. Use the following terms: intron, exon, DNA, mRNA, cDNA, RNA polymerase, reverse transcriptase.
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Textbook Question
A population of cells carrying a desired plasmid.
a. Antisense
b. Clone
c. Library
d. Southern blot
e. Vector
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Textbook Question
You are attempting to insert a gene for saltwater tolerance into a plant by using the Ti plasmid. In addition to the desired gene, you add a gene for tetracycline resistance (tet) to the plasmid. What is the purpose of the tet gene?
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