When pathogenic bacterial cells lose the ability to make adhesins, they typically                  .
a. Become avirulent
b. Produce endotoxin
c. Absorb endotoxin
d. Increase in virulence

Of the following characteristics, which would contribute most to making a microorganism an effective biological warfare agent?

a. Is readily available in the environment

b. Can be spread by contact after original dissemination

c. Cannot be treated well outside a hospital

d. Is easily identified by symptoms

The most frequent portal of entry for pathogens is:

a. The respiratory tract

b. The skin

c. The conjunctiva

d. A cut or wound

The process by which microorganisms attach themselves to cells is :

a. Infection

b. Contamination

c. Disease

d. Adhesion

Which of the following are most likely to cause disease?

a. Opportunistic pathogens in a weakened host

b. Pathogens lacking the enzyme kinase

c. Pathogens lacking the enzyme collagenase

d. Highly virulent organisms

What does the term HAI (nosocomial infection) have to do with patient care?

A disease in which a pathogen remains inactive for a long period of time before becoming active is termed a(n) :

a. Subacute disease

b. Acute disease

c. Chronic disease

d. Latent disease

Which of the following statements is the best definition of a pandemic disease?

a. It normally occurs in a given geographic area.

b, It is a disease that occurs more frequently than usual for a geographical area or group of people.

c. It occurs infrequently at no predictable time scattered over a large area or population.

d. It is an epidemic that occurs on more than one continent at the same time.

Which of the following types of epidemiologists is most like a detective?

a. Descriptive epidemiologist

b. Analytical epidemiologist

c. Experimental epidemiologist

d. Reservoir epidemiologist