Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by all living cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic?

Accepted Answer

Contain DNA chromosomes and ribosomes

Question 2

A scientist discovers a microorganism with a double-membrane bound nucleus and compartmentalized cytoplasm. Which type of cell is this organism most likely composed of?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for motility in prokaryotic cells and operates by rotation?

Accepted Answer

Flagellum

Question 4

A bacterium moves toward a nutrient source by changing the direction of its flagellar rotation. What is this behavior called?

Accepted Answer

Chemotaxis

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT found in the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall structure?

Accepted Answer

Teichoic acids

Question 6

A patient is infected with a bacterium that has a thick peptidoglycan layer and teichoic acids. What color will the cells appear after a Gram stain?

Accepted Answer

Purple

Question 7

Which bacterial structure is primarily responsible for protecting cells from dehydration and contributing to pathogenicity by inhibiting phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Glycocalyx

Question 8

A bacterium stores phosphate for later use. Which internal structure is most likely to contain this stored phosphate?

Accepted Answer

Granules

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of bacterial cells growing in irregular clusters?

Accepted Answer

Staphylococci

Question 10

Which of the following statements about endospores is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Endospores are highly resistant to heat, drying, and chemicals

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the bacterial cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Site for energy reactions and nutrient processing

Question 12

A bacterium is observed to have a single flagellum at one end. What is the term for this flagellar arrangement?

Accepted Answer

Monotrichous

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the cell wall of organisms in the Domain Archaea?

Accepted Answer

It lacks peptidoglycan

Question 14

A bacterium is classified as Gram-negative. Which of the following features would you expect it to possess?

Accepted Answer

Lipopolysaccharide outer membrane

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of pili in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Partial DNA transfer during conjugation

Question 16

A bacterial cell divides in two perpendicular planes, resulting in a packet of eight cells. What is this arrangement called?

Accepted Answer

Sarcina

Question 17

Which of the following is a unique feature of Mycobacterium and Nocardia cell walls?

Accepted Answer

Presence of lipid mycolic acid (cord factor)

Question 18

Which equation best represents the relationship between the thickness of peptidoglycan in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Accepted Answer

$$Thickness_{Gram+} \u003e Thickness_{Gram-}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of pleomorphism in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Variation in cell shape and size within a single species

Question 20

A researcher is studying a photosynthetic bacterium that does NOT produce oxygen as a byproduct. Which group does this bacterium most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Green and purple sulfur bacteria

Chapter 4

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards