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Microeconomics Midterm Study Guide (Chapters 1–6, Hubbard)

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Introduction to Economics

People Are Rational

People Respond to Incentives

Marginal Cost

Marginal Analysis

Allocative Efficiency, Productive Efficiency, and Equality

Positive and Normative Analysis

Microeconomics vs. Macroeconomics

Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF) - Introduction and Productive Efficiency

PPF - Increasing Marginal Opportunity Costs and Allocative Efficiency

PPF - Outward Shifts

PPF - The Price of the Trade

Sources of Comparative Advantage

Competitive Markets

The Demand Curve

Shifts in the Demand Curve

Movement Along a Demand Curve

The Supply Curve

Shifts in the Supply Curve

Movement Along a Supply Curve

Market Equilibrium

Using the Supply and Demand Curves to Find Equilibrium

Percentage Change and Price Elasticity of Demand

Price Elasticity of Demand on a Graph

Elasticity and the Midpoint Method

Determinants of Price Elasticity of Demand

Total Revenue Test

Income Elasticity of Demand

Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand

Price Elasticity of Supply

Price Elasticity of Supply on a Graph

Price Ceilings, Price Floors, and Black Markets

Introducing Taxes and Tax Incidence

Effects of Taxes on a Market

Consumer Surplus and Willingness to Pay

Producer Surplus and Willingness to Sell

Economic Surplus and Efficiency