Q: A food label lists 10g of fat, 20g of carbohydrate, and 5g of protein per serving. Calculate the total energy provided per serving. (Use: Fat = $$9$$ kcal/g, Carbohydrate = $$4$$ kcal/g, Protein = $$4$$ kcal/g)

$$10 \times 9 + 20 \times 4 + 5 \times 4 = 90 + 80 + 20 = 190$$ kcal

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered an essential nutrient for the human body?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol

Question 2

A patient is experiencing symptoms of GERD. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Weak lower esophageal sphincter

Question 3

Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of starches in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Salivary amylase

Question 4

According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), what percentage of daily energy intake should come from carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$45\% - 65\%$$

Question 5

A food label lists 10g of fat, 20g of carbohydrate, and 5g of protein per serving. Calculate the total energy provided per serving. (Use: Fat = $$9$$ kcal/g, Carbohydrate = $$4$$ kcal/g, Protein = $$4$$ kcal/g)

Accepted Answer

$$10 	imes 9 + 20 	imes 4 + 5 	imes 4 = 90 + 80 + 20 = 190$$ kcal

Question 6

Which of the following statements about bile is correct?

Accepted Answer

Bile is made by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.

Question 7

Which Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) value represents the average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a group?

Accepted Answer

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

Question 8

A person consumes excess carbohydrates beyond their immediate energy needs. What is the primary fate of these excess carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Stored as glycogen in liver and muscles

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of water and minerals

Question 10

A patient is diagnosed with celiac disease. Which dietary recommendation is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Follow a gluten-free diet

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions that break down food molecules.

Question 12

Which of the following is a common misconception about the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Accepted Answer

They suggest that processed foods are always healthier than whole foods.

Question 13

Which of the following is a primary function of protein in the body?

Accepted Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Question 14

A food product claims to be 'high in fiber.' According to FDA labeling regulations, which panel would you check to verify this claim?

Accepted Answer

Nutrition facts panel

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding mechanical digestion?

Accepted Answer

It involves breaking food into smaller pieces by chewing and mixing.

Question 16

A person is following a diet that provides $$60\% of $$energy from carbohydrates, $$25\%$$ from fat, and $$15\%$$ from protein. Which macronutrient is outside the recommended AMDR?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)?

Accepted Answer

The amount of energy needed to maintain healthy weight and prevent chronic disease

Question 18

Which process is responsible for moving digested nutrients into the blood or lymphatic system for distribution?

Accepted Answer

Absorption

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the hormone gastrin?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates release of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach

Question 20

A person with lactose intolerance lacks which enzyme?

Accepted Answer

Lactase

Foundations of Nutrition: Food Choices, Digestion, and Dietary Guidelines

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