$$\text{Gut Health} = \text{Prebiotics} + \text{Probiotics}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the gut microbiome?

Accepted Answer

An ecosystem of billions of bacteria in your large intestine.

Question 2

Which function is NOT performed by the gut microbiome?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing insulin for blood sugar regulation.

Question 3

Prebiotics are important in a balanced diet because they:

Accepted Answer

Provide nutrients for the bacteria to thrive.

Question 4

Which of the following foods is a good source of prebiotics?

Accepted Answer

Whole wheat bread

Question 5

Probiotics are best described as:

Accepted Answer

Live bacteria added to foods to support gut health.

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of probiotics in the gut?

Accepted Answer

Help restore the balance of beneficial bacteria.

Question 7

A patient is prescribed antibiotics for a bacterial infection. What is a potential impact on their gut microbiome?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics may kill both harmful and beneficial bacteria.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct pairing of food type and its effect on the gut microbiome?

Accepted Answer

Yogurt – provides probiotics

Question 9

If a person consumes a diet low in fiber, what is the likely effect on their gut microbiome?

Accepted Answer

Decrease in the population of bacteria that digest fiber.

Question 10

Which equation best represents the relationship between prebiotics, probiotics, and gut health?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Gut Health} = 	ext{Prebiotics} + 	ext{Probiotics}$$

Question 11

A nutritionist recommends increasing prebiotic intake. Which of the following is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

To feed beneficial gut bacteria and improve digestion.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about probiotics is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Probiotics are live bacteria that can benefit gut health.

Question 13

A person regularly eats yogurt and sauerkraut. What is the most likely effect on their gut microbiome?

Accepted Answer

Increase in beneficial bacteria due to probiotics.

Question 14

Which of the following is a prebiotic?

Accepted Answer

Inulin from whole wheat bread

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why prebiotics are important for gut health?

Accepted Answer

They provide food for beneficial bacteria, supporting their growth.

Question 16

A patient complains of digestive issues after taking antibiotics. Which dietary recommendation would best support their gut microbiome recovery?

Accepted Answer

Increase intake of probiotic-rich foods like yogurt.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a healthy gut microbiome?

Accepted Answer

Direct synthesis of insulin.

Question 18

Which scenario best illustrates the role of prebiotics in the gut?

Accepted Answer

Eating fiber-rich foods that bacteria use for energy.

Question 19

If a person wants to increase the population of beneficial bacteria in their gut, which dietary change would be most effective?

Accepted Answer

Increase intake of prebiotic-rich foods like whole grains.

Question 20

Which of the following best summarizes the difference between prebiotics and probiotics?

Accepted Answer

Prebiotics are food for bacteria; probiotics are live bacteria.

Gut Microbiome: Nutrition and Health

Study Guide - Practice Questions