Question 1

Which of the following health issues is most directly associated with chronic protein deficiency and is commonly referred to as 'skin & bones'?

Accepted Answer

Marasmus

Question 2

A child in a developing country presents with edema, an enlarged liver, and skin lesions after being weaned from breast milk. Which protein-related disorder is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a direct consequence of severe protein deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Scurvy due to vitamin C deficiency

Question 4

What is the primary physiological reason for edema in kwashiorkor?

Accepted Answer

Low blood protein reduces osmotic pressure, causing fluid to accumulate in tissues

Question 5

Which equation best represents the relationship between blood protein concentration and osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

$$\Pi = CRT$$

Question 6

A patient is diagnosed with marasmus. Which of the following symptoms would you expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

Severe muscle wasting and loss of subcutaneous fat

Question 7

Which of the following statements about kwashiorkor is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is characterized by edema and a swollen abdomen.

Question 8

If a child consumes adequate calories but insufficient protein, which disorder is most likely to develop?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor

Question 9

Which of the following is a common misconception about protein-related disorders?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor only occurs when total calorie intake is low.

Question 10

A nutritionist is evaluating a population with high rates of marasmus. Which intervention would be most effective?

Accepted Answer

Provide balanced meals with adequate protein and calories

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why kwashiorkor can develop after weaning from breast milk?

Accepted Answer

Breast milk is high in protein, and the replacement diet is often low in protein but adequate in calories.

Question 12

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature between marasmus and kwashiorkor?

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor presents with edema, while marasmus does not.

Question 13

A child with kwashiorkor is likely to have which of the following laboratory findings?

Accepted Answer

Low serum albumin

Question 14

Which of the following is a potential long-term consequence of chronic protein deficiency in children?

Accepted Answer

Stunted growth and impaired cognitive development

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of edema in kwashiorkor?

Accepted Answer

Decreased plasma protein concentration leads to reduced oncotic pressure, causing fluid to leak into interstitial spaces.

Protein-Related Disorders: Effects of Protein Deficiency and Excess

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