Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structural difference between monosaccharides and polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Monosaccharides are single carbohydrate units, while polysaccharides are chains of monosaccharides linked together.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a monosaccharide commonly found in the human diet?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 3

A person with lactose intolerance lacks sufficient lactase enzyme. What is the primary role of lactase in carbohydrate digestion?

Accepted Answer

It helps break the bond between glucose and galactose molecules in lactose.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the general formula for a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n}O_n$$

Question 5

Which carbohydrate is the primary storage form of glucose in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 6

Which of the following carbohydrates is a direct product of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 7

A food contains a high amount of starch. Which enzyme is primarily responsible for its digestion in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Question 8

Which of the following statements best explains why humans cannot digest cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme needed to break the beta-glycosidic bonds in cellulose.

Question 9

Which disaccharide is formed when glucose and fructose are bonded together?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 10

Which polysaccharide is the main storage form of glucose in plants?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of dietary fiber in the human digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Promotes digestive health by aiding bowel movement.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of glucose in the human body?

Accepted Answer

It is the primary energy source for cells, especially the brain and nervous tissue.

Question 13

A patient is advised to avoid foods containing sucrose. Which of the following foods should they most likely avoid?

Accepted Answer

Table sugar and sweetened beverages

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct multi-step pathway for the digestion of starch in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Starch $$\rightarrow$$ maltose $$\rightarrow$$ glucose

Question 15

Which of the following is a feature of glycogen compared to starch?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen has a more highly branched structure than starch.

Question 16

Which of the following equations represents the process of photosynthesis that produces glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct example of a polysaccharide and its function?

Accepted Answer

Starch: energy storage in plants

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true regarding the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Polysaccharides must be broken down into monosaccharides before absorption.

Question 19

Which of the following is a common misconception about dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Dietary fiber is digested and absorbed as glucose.

Question 20

A patient consumes a meal high in maltose. Which enzyme is primarily responsible for breaking down maltose in the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Maltase

Simple vs. Complex Carbohydrates: Structure, Function, and Dietary Sources

Study Guide - Practice Questions