The two most general amine syntheses are the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds and the reduction of amides. Show how these techniques can be used to accomplish the following syntheses.
(a) benzoic acid → benzylamine

Show how m-toluidine can be converted to the following compounds, using any necessary reagents.

(b)

Show how you would accomplish the following synthetic conversions.

(d) pentanoic acid → hexan-1-amine

Show how you would accomplish the following synthetic conversions.

(e) (R)-2-bromobutane → (S)-butan-2-amine

Show how you can synthesize the following tertiary amine three different ways, each using a different secondary amine and adding the final substituent by (b) acylation–reduction (3 ways).

Reduction of two different carboxylic acid derivatives with LiAlH₄ would give the amine shown. Identify these carboxylic acid derivatives.

Predict the product of the following reaction sequences.

(b)

Give the expected products of lithium aluminum hydride reduction of the following compounds (followed by hydrolysis).

(a) butyronitrile

(b) N-cyclohexylacetamide

(c) ε-caprolactam

Predict the products of the following reactions.

(e)

(f)