Indicate whether an alcohol (ROH) with a pK_a value of 15 has more charged or more neutral molecules in a solution with the pH values given in Problem 41.
3. pH = 7
4. pH = 10
5. pH = 13

For each of the following compounds, indicate the pH at which

a. 50% of the compound is in a form that possesses a charge.

1. CH₃CH₂COOH (pK_a = 4.9)

2. CH₃N⁺H₃ (pK_a = 10.7)

For each of the following compounds, draw the form that predominates at pH = 3, pH = 6, pH = 10, and pH = 14:

a. CH₃COOH (pK_a = 4.8)

For each of the following compounds (here shown in their acidic forms), write the form that ­predominates in a solution with a pH = 5.5:

e. ⁺NH4 (pK_a = 9.4)

f. HC≡N (pK_a = 9.1)

Indicate whether an alcohol (ROH) with a pK_a value of 15 has more charged or more neutral molecules in a solution with the pH values given in Problem 41.

1. pH = 1

2. pH = 3

3. pH = 5

A naturally occurring amino acid such as alanine has a group that is a carboxylic acid and a group that is a protonated amine. The pK_a values of the two groups are shown.

d. Draw the structure of alanine in a solution at pH = 12.

For the following acid–base reaction, (c) calculate the ratio of butan-2-ol to 2-butoxide.

What percent of imidazole is protonated at physiological pH (7.4)?

For the following acid–base pairs, (iii) predict the favored side of equilibrium; (iv) calculate K_eq;

(h)