Textbook Question
Name the following alkenes, being sure to specify whether they are cis or trans.
(c)
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4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
Cis vs Trans
3:27 minutesProblem 13c
Textbook Question
Given the name, draw the structure of the following alkenes.
(c) (Z)-3-isopropylhept-3-ene
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Break down the name of the compound systematically. The name '(Z)-3-isopropylhept-3-ene' indicates that the compound is an alkene with a double bond at position 3 of a heptane chain (7 carbon atoms in the main chain). The '(Z)' configuration specifies that the higher-priority groups on either side of the double bond are on the same side.
Step 2: Draw the parent chain, which is heptane (a straight chain of 7 carbon atoms). Number the chain from left to right to ensure the double bond is at the lowest possible position. The double bond is located between carbons 3 and 4.
Step 3: Add the substituent. The name specifies a 3-isopropyl group, meaning an isopropyl group (-CH(CH3)2) is attached to carbon 3 of the main chain. Place this group on the appropriate carbon.
Step 4: Assign the (Z) configuration. To do this, identify the priority of the groups attached to the double-bonded carbons (C3 and C4) based on the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules. Ensure that the higher-priority groups on both carbons are on the same side of the double bond.
Step 5: Finalize the structure by double-checking the placement of the double bond, substituents, and the (Z) configuration. Ensure the structure matches the IUPAC name '(Z)-3-isopropylhept-3-ene'.
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Video duration:
3mKey Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Alkene Structure
Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). The presence of this double bond affects the geometry and reactivity of the molecule. In the case of (Z)-3-isopropylhept-3-ene, the 'hept' indicates a seven-carbon chain, and the double bond is located between the third and fourth carbons.
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Stereochemistry
Stereochemistry refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules and how this affects their chemical behavior. The designation '(Z)' indicates that the highest priority substituents on either side of the double bond are on the same side, leading to a specific geometric isomer. Understanding stereochemistry is crucial for accurately drawing and interpreting the structure of alkenes.
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Substituents and Branching
Substituents are groups of atoms attached to the main carbon chain, which can influence the physical and chemical properties of the molecule. In (Z)-3-isopropylhept-3-ene, the 'isopropyl' group is a branched substituent at the third carbon of the heptane chain. Recognizing how to identify and place these substituents is essential for constructing the correct molecular structure.
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