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Functional Groups quiz #1

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  • Which functional group behaves as a base?
    Amine
  • What is the difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph?
    Autotrophs can produce their own food from inorganic substances, while heterotrophs must consume organic substances for energy.
  • What is an example of an organic molecule?
    Glucose
  • What is not a component of soil?
    Plastic
  • What are the 3 domains of life?
    The three domains of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
  • Which vitamin is found only in animal foods?
    Vitamin B12
  • Which type of mutation causes sickle cell anemia? a) Silent b) Missense c) Insertion d) Frameshift
    b) Missense
  • Which element is considered the most versatile element in living organisms and why?
    Carbon is the most versatile element because it can form four covalent bonds, allowing for a variety of complex molecules.
  • What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
    Autotrophs can synthesize their own food from inorganic sources, while heterotrophs rely on consuming other organisms for energy.
  • Which of the functional groups behaves as a base?
    Amines behave as bases because they can accept protons.
  • What is the function of reverse transcriptase?
    Reverse transcriptase synthesizes DNA from an RNA template.
  • What is an example of an organic molecule?
    Methane
  • What is not a component of soil?
    Plastic
  • What are the 3 domains of life?
    The three domains of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
  • Which vitamin is found only in animal foods?
    Vitamin B12
  • Which type of mutation causes sickle cell anemia? a) Silent b) Missense c) Insertion d) Frameshift
    b) Missense
  • Which element is considered the most versatile element in living organisms and why?
    Carbon is the most versatile element because it can form four covalent bonds, allowing for a variety of complex molecules.
  • Which of the functional groups behaves as a base?
    Amines behave as bases because they can accept protons.
  • What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
    Autotrophs can produce their own food from inorganic substances, while heterotrophs must consume organic substances for energy.
  • Which of these is an autotroph? a) Human b) Mushroom c) Oak tree d) Dog
    c) Oak tree
  • Which three elements are involved in the structure of all four biomolecules?
    Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are involved in the structure of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
  • Which statement describes thylakoids?
    Thylakoids are membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur.
  • What is meant by selective toxicity?
    Selective toxicity refers to the ability of a drug to target specific cells or pathogens without affecting the host's cells.
  • Which organism is a producer?
    Grass
  • What is the definition of speciation?
    Speciation is the process by which populations evolve to become distinct species.
  • Why is chlorophyll green?
    Chlorophyll is green because it absorbs light in the red and blue parts of the spectrum and reflects green light.
  • Which vitamin is an example of a micronutrient?
    Vitamin C
  • What is a restriction enzyme?
    A restriction enzyme is a protein that cuts DNA at specific recognition nucleotide sequences.
  • Which three kingdoms have organisms that can photosynthesize?
    The three kingdoms are Plantae, Protista, and some Bacteria.
  • Which element is humus especially rich in?
    Humus is especially rich in carbon.
  • What substance is abundant in plant cell walls?
    Cellulose
  • What is the function of a phosphatase?
    A phosphatase is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from a molecule.
  • What determines the code in DNA?
    The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the genetic code.
  • What are the six classifications of nutrients?
    The six classifications of nutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
  • What do energy pyramids depict?
    Energy pyramids depict the flow of energy through a food chain, showing the energy available at each trophic level.
  • Which kingdom contains heterotrophs with cell walls of chitin?
    The kingdom Fungi contains heterotrophs with cell walls made of chitin.
  • What is an example of an autotroph?
    Oak tree
  • What trait is used to classify bacteria as their own domain?
    Bacteria are classified as their own domain based on the absence of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.