Question 1

Which of the following best distinguishes fluid statics from fluid dynamics?

Accepted Answer

Fluid statics studies fluids in an equilibrium state with no shear stress, while fluid dynamics studies fluids in motion.

Question 2

A tank contains water with a density of $$1000\ \mathrm{kg/m^3$}$$ and a height of $$5\ \mathrm{m}. $$What is the gauge pressure at the bottom of the tank? (Assume $$g = 9.81\ \mathrm{m/s^2$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$P = 49,050\ \mathrm{Pa}$$

Question 3

Which equation correctly expresses the pressure difference between two points in a column of incompressible fluid?

Accepted Answer

$$P_1$$ - $$P_2$$ = \gamma h$$

Question 4

A U-tube manometer contains mercury (specific gravity = 13.6) and is connected to a gas line. If the mercury column is $$120\ \mathrm{mm}$$ higher on the open side than on the gas side, what is the gauge pressure of the gas in $$\mathrm{kPa}$$? (Assume $$g = 9.81\ \mathrm{m/s^2$}$$, $$\rho_{Hg} = 13,600\ \mathrm{kg/m^3$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$P = 16.0\ \mathrm{kPa}$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about pressure in a static fluid is correct?

Accepted Answer

Pressure at a point in a static fluid is independent of direction.

Question 6

A rectangular block ($$0.4\ \mathrm{m} 	imes 0.4\ \mathrm{m} 	imes 3\ \mathrm{m}$$, $$ho = 300\ \mathrm{kg/m^3$}) is $$fully submerged in seawater ($$ho = 1025\ \mathrm{kg/m^3$}). $$What is the magnitude of the buoyant force acting on the block? (Use $$g = 9.81\ \mathrm{m/s^2$})$$

Accepted Answer

$$F_b = 4,813\ \mathrm{N}$$

Question 7

Which formula is used to calculate the pressure at a certain depth in a compressible fluid, such as the atmosphere, assuming constant temperature?

Accepted Answer

$$\ln \frac{P_2$}{P_1$} = -\frac{gR}{T_0$}(z_2$ - z_1$)$$

Question 8

A manometer is used to measure the pressure difference between two points in a system. If the manometer fluid has a specific weight $$\gamma_m$$ and the height difference is $$h$$, what is the pressure difference?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta P = \gamma_m h$$

Question 9

A body weighs $$200\ \mathrm{N} in $$air and $$150\ \mathrm{N}$$ when submerged in water. What is its specific gravity?

Accepted Answer

4.0

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the principle behind the operation of a U-tube manometer?

Accepted Answer

It measures pressure difference by comparing the heights of two columns of fluid with different densities.

Question 11

A vertical open manometer is connected to a gas tank. The manometer contains water ($$\gamma = 9,810\ \mathrm{N/m^3$}). If $$the water column is $$0.25\ \mathrm{m}$$ higher on the open side, what is the gauge pressure in the tank?

Accepted Answer

$$2,453\ \mathrm{N/m^2$}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is true for an incompressible fluid at rest?

Accepted Answer

The pressure at a given depth depends only on the vertical distance below the surface.

Question 13

A slanted-tube manometer is used to measure a small pressure difference. If the length of the fluid column is $$l$$ and the angle with the horizontal is $$	heta$$, what is the vertical height difference $$h$$?

Accepted Answer

$$h = l \sin 	heta$$

Question 14

A gas is stored in a tank at a pressure of $$300\ \mathrm{kPa}. If a U-$$tube manometer using mercury ($$\gamma = 133,000\ \mathrm{N/m^3$}) $$shows a difference in height of $$0.2\ \mathrm{m}$$, what is the pressure in the tank in $$\mathrm{kPa}$$ above atmospheric pressure?

Accepted Answer

$$26.6\ \mathrm{kPa}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about buoyant force?

Accepted Answer

The buoyant force on a submerged object equals the weight of the fluid displaced.

Question 16

If the pressure at the base of a skyscraper is $$101\ \mathrm{kPa}$$ and the pressure at the top (assuming air is incompressible, $$\rho = 1.225\ \mathrm{kg/m^3$}$$, $$h = 500\ \mathrm{m}) is to be $$calculated, which formula should be used?

Accepted Answer

$$P_2$$ = $$P_1$$ - \rho g h$$

Question 17

Which property is used to compare the density of a fluid to that of water at a specified temperature?

Accepted Answer

Specific gravity

Question 18

A differential U-tube manometer is used to measure the pressure difference between two containers. If the manometer contains two fluids with specific weights $$\$$gamma_1$$ and $$\$$gamma_2$$, and the height differences are $$h_1$$ and $$h_2$$, what is the pressure difference?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta P = \$$gamma_2$$ h_2$ - \$$gamma_1$$ h_1$

Principles of Fluid Mechanics: Momentum Transfer Study Notes

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