Q: What is the recommended target for LDL cholesterol in patients with stable angina?

$$\text{LDL} \u003c 1.8\ \text{mmol/L}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

Thickening and narrowing of artery walls due to build up of plaque composed of fatty deposits, cholesterol, fibrin, and blood cells.

Question 2

A patient presents with chest pain at rest, ST depression on ECG, and no elevation in troponin. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Unstable angina

Question 3

Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

Accepted Answer

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Question 4

What is the primary goal of therapy in STEMI?

Accepted Answer

Restore blood flow to the infarcted artery

Question 5

Which medication should be administered immediately upon suspicion of ACS to reduce myocardial oxygen demand?

Accepted Answer

Metoprolol

Question 6

A patient with stable angina is prescribed a nitrate patch. What is the most important counseling point?

Accepted Answer

Remove the patch at bedtime to ensure a 10-12 hour nitrate-free interval and prevent tolerance.

Question 7

Which of the following drugs used in stable angina does NOT have a proven mortality benefit?

Accepted Answer

Nitrates

Question 8

A patient with STEMI arrives at the hospital. PCI is not feasible within 120 minutes. What is the next best step?

Accepted Answer

Initiate thrombolysis within 30 minutes from first medical contact

Question 9

Which of the following is a contraindication to fibrinolysis in STEMI?

Accepted Answer

History of stroke

Question 10

In the management of NSTEMI, which class of drugs is preferred for anticoagulation in patients with renal dysfunction (CrCl ≤ 30 mL/min)?

Accepted Answer

Unfractionated heparin (UFH)

Question 11

A patient with stable angina and LVEF \u003c 40% should be treated with which medication indefinitely unless contraindicated?

Accepted Answer

Beta blockers

Question 12

Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of a patient with stable angina?

Accepted Answer

Initiate a beta-blocker

Question 13

What is the recommended target for LDL cholesterol in patients with stable angina?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{LDL} \u003c 1.8\ 	ext{mmol/L}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a common symptom of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) but NOT of stable angina?

Accepted Answer

Pain radiating to jaw/shoulder/arms

Question 15

A patient with a history of angina experiences chest pain. What is the recommended action if symptoms are not relieved by sublingual nitroglycerin after 5 minutes?

Accepted Answer

Call an ambulance and chew two 81 mg tablets of ASA

Question 16

Which of the following ECG findings is most characteristic of STEMI?

Accepted Answer

ST elevation

Question 17

Which cardiac biomarker is preferred for diagnosis of ACS due to its high sensitivity?

Accepted Answer

Troponin

Question 18

Which of the following is a common aggravating factor for angina?

Accepted Answer

Cold exposure

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a recommended non-pharmacological management strategy post-STEMI/NSTEMI?

Accepted Answer

Initiate hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

Question 20

A patient with unstable angina is taking maximally tolerated doses of beta-blockers but still has symptoms. Which medication may be considered?

Accepted Answer

Long-acting calcium channel blocker

Acute Coronary Syndromes and Stable Angina: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

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