Q: A nurse is assessing a patient’s risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Which equation best represents the relationship between modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors?

$$\text{Total Risk} = \text{Modifiable Risk Factors} + \text{Nonmodifiable Risk Factors}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between 'disease' and 'illness' as defined in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Disease refers to a medical condition with pathologic changes, while illness is the unique response of a person to that disease.

Question 2

A 45-year-old woman is diagnosed with hypertension, which requires ongoing medication and lifestyle changes. She occasionally experiences periods where her blood pressure is well-controlled, followed by times when it worsens. Which type of illness does this scenario best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Chronic illness

Question 3

A patient who has just begun to feel fatigued and notices a sore throat, but has not yet sought medical attention, is in which stage of illness behavior?

Accepted Answer

Stage 1: Experiencing symptoms

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a modifiable risk factor for illness?

Accepted Answer

Smoking habits

Question 5

A nurse is teaching a group of teenagers about the dangers of vaping and providing resources to help them quit. This activity is an example of which level of health promotion?

Accepted Answer

Primary prevention

Question 6

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of health disparity?

Accepted Answer

A rural community has higher rates of untreated diabetes due to limited access to healthcare facilities.

Question 7

According to the Health Belief Model, which of the following is NOT one of the three main components influencing an individual's decision to take action regarding their health?

Accepted Answer

Perceived cost of treatment

Question 8

A patient with a recent spinal cord injury is receiving physical therapy to prevent contractures and maximize function. This is an example of which level of prevention?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary prevention

Question 9

Which model of health and illness is most useful for explaining the spread of infectious diseases, but is limited in its application to noninfectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

Agent–host–environment model

Question 10

A college student is aware of the risks of excessive alcohol consumption but continues to drink heavily at parties. According to the Stages of Change Model, which stage is the student most likely in?

Accepted Answer

Precontemplation

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the 'sociocultural dimension' of health?

Accepted Answer

It involves economic level, lifestyle, family, and culture.

Question 12

A nurse is developing a health promotion program that considers participants' previous experiences, psychological state, and cultural background. Which model is the nurse applying?

Accepted Answer

Health Promotion Model

Question 13

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates the concept of 'equity' in health care?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring that patients with disabilities have access to interpreters and accessible facilities.

Question 14

A 60-year-old man with a family history of heart disease, who smokes and has a sedentary lifestyle, is at increased risk for cardiovascular illness. Which of the following risk factors are modifiable?

Accepted Answer

Smoking and sedentary lifestyle

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the health–illness continuum?

Accepted Answer

It measures a person's level of health on a graduated scale from high-level wellness to death.

Question 16

A nurse is assessing a patient’s risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Which equation best represents the relationship between modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Total Risk} = 	ext{Modifiable Risk Factors} + 	ext{Nonmodifiable Risk Factors}$$

Question 17

A public health campaign is launched to provide free immunizations to all children in a city. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Primary prevention

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a social determinant of health?

Accepted Answer

Access to clean water and safe housing

Question 19

A patient recovering from surgery is encouraged to join a support group to help cope with emotional challenges. This intervention primarily addresses which human dimension?

Accepted Answer

Emotional dimension

Question 20

A nurse is working with a patient who is aware of the need to lose weight and has started researching diet plans but has not yet made any changes. According to the Stages of Change Model, which stage is the patient in?

Accepted Answer

Contemplation

Health, Wellness, and Health Disparities: Concepts and Models

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