According to Newton's Law of Gravity, how does the gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun affect solar radiation received in the northern hemisphere during winter and summer?

Begin by understanding Newton's Law of Gravity, which states that the gravitational force between two objects is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This can be expressed as: $F=\frac{GmM}{r^2}$, where $G$ is the gravitational constant, $m$ and $M$ are the masses of the Earth and the Sun, and $r$ is the distance between them.