Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes energy changes in a closed system?
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9. Work & Energy
Intro to Energy & Kinetic Energy
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Which of the following processes would require an input of energy?
A
Lifting a book from the floor to a table
B
A pendulum swinging from its highest point to its lowest point
C
A car coasting downhill without using the engine
D
A ball rolling down a hill
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the concept of work and energy: Work is done when a force is applied to an object and the object moves in the direction of the force. Energy is required to perform work.
Analyze each process to determine if work is being done: For lifting a book from the floor to a table, a force is applied against gravity to move the book upwards, which requires energy input.
Consider the pendulum: As a pendulum swings from its highest point to its lowest point, it converts potential energy to kinetic energy without requiring additional energy input.
Evaluate the car coasting downhill: A car moving downhill converts gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy, so no additional energy input is needed.
Examine the ball rolling down a hill: Similar to the car, the ball converts potential energy to kinetic energy as it rolls downhill, requiring no extra energy input.
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