Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between distance and displacement for an object moving along a straight line?

Accepted Answer

Distance is the total length of the path traveled, while displacement is the straight-line change in position from the initial to the final point.

Question 2

A car travels 70 m east, then 30 m west. What is the car's displacement and total distance traveled?

Accepted Answer

Displacement: $40\ \mathrm{m}$ east; Distance: $100\ \mathrm{m}$

Question 3

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

Accepted Answer

Velocity

Question 4

A ball is thrown straight up and caught at the same point. If the ball reaches a maximum height of $10\ \mathrm{m}$, what are the distance traveled and the displacement?

Accepted Answer

Distance: $20\ \mathrm{m}$; Displacement: $0\ \mathrm{m}$

Question 5

Which equation gives the average velocity $v_{\mathrm{avg}}$ of an object moving in one dimension?

Accepted Answer

$v_{\mathrm{avg}} = \frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}$

Question 6

A cyclist travels at an average velocity of $18\ \mathrm{km/h}$ for $2.5\ \mathrm{h}$. How far does the cyclist travel?

Accepted Answer

$45\ \mathrm{km}$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes Galileo's contribution to the study of falling objects?

Accepted Answer

He showed that all objects fall with the same constant acceleration regardless of mass, neglecting air resistance.

Question 8

A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at $2.0\ \mathrm{m/s^2}$ for $5.0\ \mathrm{s}$. What is its final velocity?

Accepted Answer

$10.0\ \mathrm{m/s}$

Question 9

Which kinematic equation would you use to find the displacement $\Delta x$ of an object if you know its initial velocity $v_0$, acceleration $a$, and time $t$, but not its final velocity?

Accepted Answer

$\Delta x = v_0 t + \frac{1}{2} a t^2$

Question 10

A rock is dropped from rest from a cliff. Neglecting air resistance, how long does it take to fall $78.4\ \mathrm{m}$? (Use $g = 9.8\ \mathrm{m/s^2}$.)

Accepted Answer

$4.0\ \mathrm{s}$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about acceleration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time.

Question 12

A car moves with a constant velocity of $15\ \mathrm{m/s}$ for $10\ \mathrm{s}$, then accelerates uniformly to $25\ \mathrm{m/s}$ over the next $5\ \mathrm{s}$. What is the car's average acceleration during the acceleration phase?

Accepted Answer

$1.0\ \mathrm{m/s^2}$

Question 13

A ball is thrown upward with an initial velocity of $20.0\ \mathrm{m/s}$. What is the maximum height it reaches? (Use $g = 9.8\ \mathrm{m/s^2}$.)

Accepted Answer

$20.4\ \mathrm{m}$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the effect of air resistance on a falling object?

Accepted Answer

It decreases the acceleration and causes lighter objects with large surface areas to fall more slowly.

Question 15

A particle moves along a straight line with its position given by $x = 3.0 t^2 + 2.0 t + 1.0$, where $x$ is in meters and $t$ in seconds. What is the instantaneous velocity at $t = 2.0\ \mathrm{s}$?

Accepted Answer

$14.0\ \mathrm{m/s}$

Question 16

A rocket starts from rest and accelerates at $29.4\ \mathrm{m/s^2}$ for $4.00\ \mathrm{s}$. What is its final velocity?

Accepted Answer

$117.6\ \mathrm{m/s}$

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a correct use of a reference frame?

Accepted Answer

Measuring the mass of an object relative to a reference frame.

Question 18

A tourist is running at $4.0\ \mathrm{m/s}$ toward a car that is $30\ \mathrm{m}$ away, while a bear is $26\ \mathrm{m}$ behind the tourist running at $6.0\ \mathrm{m/s}$. What is the minimum distance $d$ the tourist must be from the car to reach it before the bear catches up?

Accepted Answer

$15\ \mathrm{m}$

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct kinematic equation to use when you do NOT know the time interval?

Accepted Answer

$v^2 = v_0^2 + 2 a \Delta x$

Describing Motion: Kinematics in One Dimension

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