Question 1

Which of the following best describes the density of a homogeneous material?

Accepted Answer

It is the same throughout the material and is defined as mass per unit volume: $$\rho = \frac{m}{V}$$

Question 2

A steel wrench and a steel nail have different masses and volumes. What can be said about their densities?

Accepted Answer

They have the same density because they are made of the same material.

Question 3

What is the SI unit of pressure, and how is it defined?

Accepted Answer

The pascal (Pa), defined as $$1\ \mathrm{Pa} = 1\ \mathrm{N/m^2$}$$

Question 4

Which equation gives the pressure at a depth $$h in a $$fluid of uniform density $$\rho$$?

Accepted Answer

$$p = p_0$ + \rho g h$$

Question 5

According to Pascal's law, how is pressure transmitted in an enclosed fluid?

Accepted Answer

Pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and the walls of the vessel.

Question 6

A car tire is inflated to a gauge pressure of $$2.2 	imes 10^5$ Pa. What is the absolute pressure inside the tire if atmospheric pressure is 1.0$$ 	imes $$10^5 Pa$$?

Accepted Answer

$$3.2 	imes 10^5$ Pa

Question 7

Which statement best describes Archimedes's principle?

Accepted Answer

An object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

Question 8

Why does a water strider appear to 'walk on water'?

Accepted Answer

Surface tension acts like a membrane under tension, supporting the insect's weight.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes laminar flow?

Accepted Answer

Adjacent layers of fluid slide smoothly past each other and the flow is steady.

Question 10

The continuity equation for an incompressible fluid flowing through a tube of varying cross-section is:

Accepted Answer

$$A_1$$ $$v_1$$ = $$A_2$$ $$v_2$$

Question 11

Bernoulli's equation relates which three types of energy per unit volume in a flowing fluid?

Accepted Answer

Pressure energy, kinetic energy, and gravitational potential energy

Question 12

A Venturi meter measures fluid flow by comparing:

Accepted Answer

The pressure difference between two points of different cross-sectional area

Question 13

Why must a giraffe have a high systolic blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

To ensure blood reaches the brain at sufficient pressure despite the height difference

Question 14

How does Bernoulli's principle help explain the lift on an airplane wing?

Accepted Answer

Faster airflow above the wing creates lower pressure, resulting in an upward lift force.

Question 15

Which statement about viscosity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Viscosity is a measure of internal friction in a fluid, and it decreases with increasing temperature.

Question 16

What happens to the flow of a fluid in a pipe as the flow speed increases past a critical value?

Accepted Answer

The flow becomes turbulent.

Question 17

A patient’s blood pressure is measured at the upper arm, level with the heart. Why is this location used as a standard reference?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure varies with vertical position due to gravity, so the heart level provides a consistent reference.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world application of Pascal’s law?

Accepted Answer

Hydraulic car lifts in auto repair shops

Question 19

If a pipe carrying water narrows to half its original cross-sectional area, what happens to the speed of the water, assuming incompressible flow?

Accepted Answer

The speed doubles.

Question 20

Why does turbulence in blood flow make noise that can be detected with a stethoscope?

Accepted Answer

Turbulent flow causes rapid, irregular fluctuations in pressure and velocity, producing audible sounds.

Fluid Mechanics: Key Concepts and Applications

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