Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Question 2

A gas expands from volume $$V_1 to$$ $$V_2 at $$constant pressure $$P. $$Which equation correctly gives the work done by the gas during this process?

Accepted Answer

$$W = P (V_2$ - V_1$)$$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a thermodynamic variable?

Accepted Answer

Mass

Question 4

A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium if:

Accepted Answer

There is no change in temperature over time.

Question 5

Which of the following best defines the internal energy $$U of a $$system?

Accepted Answer

The sum of the potential and kinetic energies of all particles in the system.

Question 6

In a real-world scenario, a metal rod is placed in contact with a block of ice and a block of wood. After some time, the rod is found to be at the same temperature as both blocks. According to the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, what can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

The block of ice and the block of wood are in thermal equilibrium with each other.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about work done by a gas during expansion is correct?

Accepted Answer

Work is positive when the gas expands against an external pressure.

Question 8

A piston contains a gas at pressure $$P$$ and volume $$V. If $$the piston moves outward by a small distance $$dx$$, what is the infinitesimal work $$dW$$ done by the gas?

Accepted Answer

$$dW = P A dx$$

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a thermodynamic system?

Accepted Answer

A sealed container of gas

Question 10

If a gas expands from $$V_1 = 2$$\, \mathrm{L}$$ to V_2$ = 6\, \mathrm{L} at a $$constant pressure of $$P = 100\, \mathrm{kPa}$$, what is the work done by the gas?

Accepted Answer

$$W = 400\, \mathrm{J}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the surroundings in thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

Everything external to the system under study

Question 12

A gas is compressed in a cylinder, and its volume decreases while pressure remains constant. What is the sign of the work done by the gas?

Accepted Answer

Negative

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a condition for thermodynamic equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

Constant mass

Question 14

A gas in a piston is allowed to expand slowly so that it remains in thermal equilibrium at all times. This process is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Quasi-static

Question 15

Which of the following real-life scenarios best illustrates the concept of thermal equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A cup of hot coffee left in a room eventually reaches room temperature.

Introduction to Thermodynamics: Key Concepts and Laws

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