Question 1

Which gene is primarily responsible for initiating male gonadal development, and on which chromosome is it found?

Accepted Answer

SRY gene on the Y chromosome

Question 2

A person with an XY karyotype but a defective SRY gene is most likely to develop which of the following syndromes?

Accepted Answer

Swyer Syndrome

Question 3

Which hormone is responsible for stopping the formation of the Müllerian ducts during male sexual differentiation?

Accepted Answer

Müllerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS)

Question 4

According to Social Learning Theory, which process is most influential in a child's acquisition of gender roles?

Accepted Answer

Modeling and reinforcement from parents and media

Question 5

Which syndrome is characterized by an XX karyotype with the presence of the SRY gene, leading to male development?

Accepted Answer

De la Chapelle Syndrome

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the concept of a 'brain mosaic' in sex differentiation?

Accepted Answer

Individuals have a mix of brain features typical of both males and females

Question 7

A child with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and an XX karyotype is most likely to exhibit which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Masculinization of external genitalia due to excess androgen exposure

Question 8

According to Nancy Chodorow's feminist reinterpretation of psychoanalytic theory, what perpetuates traditional gender roles across generations?

Accepted Answer

Family structures and caregiving patterns

Question 9

Which theory argues that psychological gender differences are primarily the result of a society's division of labor by gender?

Accepted Answer

Social Structural Theory

Question 10

In the context of evolutionary psychology, which equation best represents the concept of parental investment?

Accepted Answer

$$PI = T + E$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a critique of Freud's psychoanalytic theory regarding gender development?

Accepted Answer

It is androcentric and culturally biased

Question 12

According to Gender Schema Theory, what happens after children learn their own gender label?

Accepted Answer

They actively watch and model their own sex

Question 13

Which condition is associated with an XY karyotype and a lack of response to androgens, resulting in a female phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the main idea of Neutral Evolutionary Theory as applied to gender?

Accepted Answer

Evolution has selected for behavioral flexibility and adaptability

Question 15

A person with Klinefelter's Syndrome typically has which karyotype and what are some common characteristics?

Accepted Answer

XXY karyotype; low testosterone, possible gynecomastia, and underdeveloped genitalia

Question 16

Which process converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and why is this important for sexual differentiation?

Accepted Answer

5-alpha reductase; DHT is crucial for masculinizing external genitalia

Question 17

According to Kohlberg's Cognitive Developmental Theory, how do children develop gender identity?

Accepted Answer

Through active cognitive processing and understanding of gender constancy

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Turner Syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Presence of ovaries and normal breast development

Question 19

Which of the following best illustrates the interaction between cognitive structures and social cues in gender development?

Accepted Answer

Children use internal schemas to interpret and respond to social reinforcement of gender norms

Question 20

In the context of sexual differentiation, which equation best represents the relationship between genotype, hormone exposure, and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

$$Phenotype = Genotype + Hormone\ Exposure$$

Foundations: Biological & Social Understandings of Sex & Gender

Study Guide - Practice Questions