In Exercises 37– 40, use the data set, which represents the model 2020 vehicles with the highest fuel economies (in miles per gallon) in the most popular classes. (Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
36 30 30 45 31 113 113 33 33 33 52 141 56 117 58
118 50 26 23 23 27 48 22 22 22 121 41 105 35 35


About how many vehicles fall on or below the third quartile?

Building Basic Skills and Vocabulary

Describe the relationship between quartiles and percentiles.

Using and Interpreting Concepts

Using and Interpreting Concepts Finding Quartiles, Interquartile Range, and Outliers In Exercises 11 and 12,

(b) find the interquartile range

56 63 51 60 57 60 60 54 63 59 80 63 60 62 65

Drawing a Box-and-Whisker Plot In Exercises 15–18,

(a) find the five-number summary

2 7 1 3 1 2 8 9 9 2 5 4 7 3 7 5 4

2 3 5 9 5 6 3 9 3 4 9 8 8 2 3 9 5

In Exercises 37– 40, use the data set, which represents the model 2020 vehicles with the highest fuel economies (in miles per gallon) in the most popular classes. (Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)

36 30 30 45 31 113 113 33 33 33 52 141 56 117 58

118 50 26 23 23 27 48 22 22 22 121 41 105 35 35

Find the five-number summary of the data set.

Project Find a real-life data set and use the techniques of Chapter 2, including graphs and numerical quantities, to discuss the center, variation, and shape of the data set. Describe any patterns.

[DATA] Carpoolers The following data represent the percentage of workers who carpool to work for the 50 states plus Washington, D.C. Note: The minimum observation of 7.2% corresponds to Maine and the maximum observation of 16.4% corresponds to Hawaii.

a. Find the five-number summary. b. Construct a boxplot. c. Comment on the shape of the distribution.

[DATA] Buying a New Car How much does the typical person pay for a new 2019 Audi A4? The following data represent the selling price of a random sample of new A4s (in dollars).

e. Draw a boxplot of the data.

McDonald’s versus Wendy’s A student wanted to determine whether the wait time in the drive-thru at McDonald’s differed from that at Wendy’s. She used a random sample of 30 cars at McDonald’s and 27 cars at Wendy’s and obtained these results:

d. Draw boxplots of each data set using the same scale. Does this visual evidence support the results obtained in part (b)?

Note: The sample size for Wendy’s is less than 30. However, the data do not contain any outliers, so the Central Limit Theorem can be used.