Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a population and a sample in a research study?

Accepted Answer

A population includes all individuals of interest, while a sample is a group selected from the population.

Question 2

A researcher wants to estimate the average blood pressure of all adults in a city. She measures the blood pressure of 200 randomly selected adults. The average blood pressure calculated from these 200 adults is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A sample statistic

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a discrete variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of patients visiting a clinic per day

Question 4

Which sampling method is illustrated when a researcher divides a city into neighborhoods, randomly selects three neighborhoods, and surveys every household in those neighborhoods?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 5

A survey reports that the average weekly income for all students at a university is $405. This value is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A population parameter

Question 6

Which of the following best defines sampling error?

Accepted Answer

The discrepancy between a sample statistic and its population parameter

Question 7

Which level of measurement is represented by the following data: 'Freshman, Sophomore, Junior, Senior'?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 8

A researcher records the temperature in Celsius for a group of patients. Which level of measurement does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Interval

Question 9

Which of the following variables is measured at the ratio level?

Accepted Answer

Height

Question 10

A hospital administrator wants to ensure that both male and female patients are proportionally represented in a study. She divides the patients by gender and randomly selects an equal number from each group. What sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of data at the nominal level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Data can be arranged in order

Question 12

A researcher selects every 5th person entering a clinic to participate in a survey. Which sampling method is being used?

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a continuous variable?

Accepted Answer

A variable that can take on any value within a range

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of data at the interval level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Temperatures in Fahrenheit

Question 15

A researcher wants to study the effect of a new drug on blood pressure. She randomly selects 100 patients from a list of all patients in the hospital. Which sampling method is she using?

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling

Question 16

Which of the following statements is TRUE about ratio level data?

Accepted Answer

Ratio data can be ordered and have equal intervals

Question 17

If a researcher measures the number of cells observed under a microscope, what type of variable is this?

Accepted Answer

Discrete

Question 18

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Using sample data to make conclusions about a population

Question 19

A researcher wants to compare the average test scores of students in different schools. She randomly selects 4 schools and includes all students from those schools in her study. What sampling method is this?

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 20

Which of the following is a key distinction between interval and ratio levels of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Ratio data have a true zero, interval data do not

Descriptive Statistics and Data Collection Methods in Health Sciences

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