Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a population and a sample in statistics?

Accepted Answer

A population includes all outcomes of interest, while a sample is a subset of the population.

Question 2

A researcher surveys 1,000 college students to estimate the average number of hours all college students in the country study per week. The average from the 1,000 students is 15 hours. In this context, what is the statistic?

Accepted Answer

The average of 15 hours calculated from the 1,000 students surveyed.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a parameter?

Accepted Answer

The average test score of all students in a particular school.

Question 4

A study reports that 23% of 1,500 surveyed adults do not use the Internet. Which of the following is the population?

Accepted Answer

All adults in the country.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics summarize data, while inferential statistics use sample data to make generalizations about a population.

Question 6

A survey of 2,000 U.S. adults found that 12% of them do not know how many years their retirement savings might last. What is the sample in this study?

Accepted Answer

The 2,000 U.S. adults surveyed.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

The type of sport played (e.g., basketball, football, soccer).

Question 8

Which level of measurement is represented by the following data: 'Movie genres: Action, Comedy, Drama, Horror'?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Question 9

A list of the top five U.S. occupations with the most job growth (ranked 1 to 5) is an example of which level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Question 10

Which of the following data sets is measured at the ratio level?

Accepted Answer

2020 American League home run totals (by team).

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the interval level of measurement is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Data can be ordered, and differences between data entries are meaningful, but there is no true zero.

Question 12

A researcher records the temperature in Celsius for each day in July. Which level of measurement is this data?

Accepted Answer

Interval

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct example of a ratio level variable?

Accepted Answer

The number of head injuries treated in emergency rooms.

Question 14

A study finds that 34% of a sample of retail stores were not storing fish at the proper temperature. What is the best description of the 34%?

Accepted Answer

A sample statistic.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of data at the nominal level of measurement?

Accepted Answer

Data can be arranged in order.

Question 16

A researcher wants to know the average SAT math score for all freshmen at a university. She collects data from every freshman. The average she calculates is:

Accepted Answer

A population parameter.

Question 17

Which of the following best illustrates the use of inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

Using the mean age of a sample to estimate the mean age of all patients in a hospital.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

Number of text messages sent per day.

Question 19

A data set consists of the following: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the ratio level of measurement for this data?

Accepted Answer

The data can be ordered, differences are meaningful, and one value can be expressed as a multiple of another.

Question 20

A hospital administrator wants to summarize the number of head injuries treated in the emergency room by sport over the past year. Which branch of statistics is being used?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics.

Foundations of Statistics: Populations, Samples, and Data Classification

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