Use the given information to find the exact value of each of the following:
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Identify the given information: \(\cos \theta = \frac{24}{25}\) and \(\theta\) lies in quadrant IV.
Recall the double-angle identity for cosine: \(\cos 2\theta = 2\cos^{2} \theta - 1\) or equivalently \(\cos 2\theta = 1 - 2\sin^{2} \theta\).
Since \(\cos \theta\) is given, calculate \(\sin \theta\) using the Pythagorean identity \(\sin^{2} \theta + \cos^{2} \theta = 1\). Substitute \(\cos \theta = \frac{24}{25}\) to find \(\sin \theta\).
Determine the sign of \(\sin \theta\) in quadrant IV. Remember that in quadrant IV, sine is negative, so take the negative root for \(\sin \theta\).
Use the double-angle formula \(\cos 2\theta = 2\cos^{2} \theta - 1\) and substitute the known value of \(\cos \theta\) to find \(\cos 2\theta\).
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Cosine of an Angle in a Specific Quadrant
The cosine function measures the horizontal coordinate on the unit circle. Knowing the quadrant of the angle helps determine the sign of cosine; in quadrant IV, cosine values are positive, which confirms the given positive value of cos θ = 24/25.
The double-angle formula for cosine states that cos 2θ = 2 cos² θ - 1 or cos 2θ = 1 - 2 sin² θ. This identity allows us to find the exact value of cos 2θ using the known value of cos θ or sin θ.
The Pythagorean identity sin² θ + cos² θ = 1 helps find sin θ when cos θ is known. Since cos θ = 24/25, sin θ can be calculated as ±√(1 - (24/25)²). The sign of sin θ depends on the quadrant; in quadrant IV, sin θ is negative.