Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Anatomy & Physiology

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

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Multiple Choice

Which endocrine hormone promotes the breakdown of protein in muscle cells?

Thyroxine

Glucagon

Insulin

Cortisol

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of cortisol: Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. It plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress and has several metabolic functions.

Recognize the function of cortisol in protein metabolism: Cortisol promotes the breakdown of proteins in muscle cells, a process known as proteolysis. This is part of its role in mobilizing energy resources during stress.

Differentiate cortisol from other hormones: Thyroxine primarily regulates metabolism and energy levels, glucagon increases blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown, and insulin facilitates glucose uptake into cells. None of these directly promote protein breakdown in muscle cells.

Identify the physiological context: During stress or fasting, cortisol levels increase, leading to protein breakdown in muscles to provide amino acids for gluconeogenesis, which is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.

Conclude that cortisol is the hormone responsible for promoting the breakdown of protein in muscle cells, distinguishing it from the other hormones listed.