Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

25. The Urinary System

Introduction to the Urinary System

Anatomy & Physiology

25. The Urinary System

Introduction to the Urinary System

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Multiple Choice

Without oxygen, brain damage will occur within which of the following time frames?

1-2 hours

15-20 minutes

4-6 minutes

30-45 minutes

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the importance of oxygen for brain function. Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration, which provides energy for brain cells to function. Without oxygen, brain cells begin to die rapidly.

Step 2: Learn about the time sensitivity of brain damage. Brain cells are highly sensitive to oxygen deprivation, and irreversible damage can occur within minutes.

Step 3: Review the physiological process of hypoxia (lack of oxygen). When oxygen supply is cut off, neurons in the brain cannot produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), leading to cell death.

Step 4: Compare the given time frames to the known physiological response. Scientific studies show that brain damage begins within 4-6 minutes of oxygen deprivation, making this the correct answer.

Step 5: Reinforce the concept by understanding clinical implications. This is why CPR and immediate medical intervention are critical in emergencies involving oxygen deprivation.