Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Electron Transport Chain

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Electron Transport Chain

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following allows for ATP to be produced during the electron transport chain?

Oxidation of glucose in the cytoplasm

Direct transfer of electrons to ATP synthase

Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

Proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of the electron transport chain (ETC) in cellular respiration. The ETC is the final stage of aerobic respiration, occurring in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where electrons are transferred through a series of complexes.

Recognize that the primary function of the ETC is to create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. As electrons move through the chain, protons (H⁺ ions) are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space.

Learn how the proton gradient is used to produce ATP. The accumulation of protons in the intermembrane space creates a high concentration gradient, which drives protons back into the matrix through ATP synthase, a process known as chemiosmosis.

Understand the role of ATP synthase. As protons flow back into the matrix through ATP synthase, the enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP, utilizing the energy from the proton gradient.

Review why the other options are incorrect. Oxidation of glucose occurs in glycolysis, not directly in the ETC. Direct transfer of electrons to ATP synthase does not occur; ATP synthase uses the proton gradient. Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA happens before the Krebs cycle, not in the ETC.