Multiple Choice
Approximately what percentage of the filtrate produced by the glomeruli is reabsorbed into the bloodstream under normal physiological conditions?
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25. The Urinary System
Renal Physiology: Regulation of Glomerular Filtration
Multiple Choice
Glucose is removed from the filtrate in the nephron by which process?
A
active transport
B
osmosis
C
diffusion
D
filtration
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the function of the nephron: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine. It consists of structures like the glomerulus, proximal tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting duct.
Identify the process of glucose reabsorption: Glucose is filtered out of the blood at the glomerulus and enters the filtrate. However, the body needs to retain glucose, so it is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule.
Clarify the mechanism of glucose reabsorption: Glucose is reabsorbed from the filtrate into the blood through active transport. This process requires energy in the form of ATP and involves specific carrier proteins, such as sodium-glucose co-transporters (SGLTs), located in the proximal tubule.
Differentiate active transport from other processes: Active transport is distinct from osmosis (movement of water), diffusion (movement of molecules from high to low concentration), and filtration (movement of substances through a membrane due to pressure). Active transport moves glucose against its concentration gradient, which requires energy.
Conclude the correct answer: Based on the mechanism described, glucose is removed from the filtrate in the nephron by active transport, not osmosis, diffusion, or filtration.
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