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Multiple Choice
In the process of chemiosmosis, where do the hydrogen ions (H+) that drive ATP synthase primarily originate from?
A
The Krebs cycle in the mitochondrial matrix
B
The electron transport chain in the mitochondria
C
The breakdown of glucose in glycolysis
D
The splitting of water molecules during photosynthesis
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand that chemiosmosis is a process that occurs in the mitochondria during cellular respiration, specifically in the electron transport chain.
Recognize that the electron transport chain is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is responsible for creating a proton gradient.
Identify that as electrons are passed along the chain, energy is released and used to pump hydrogen ions (H+) from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space, creating a high concentration of H+ ions.
Acknowledge that this gradient of hydrogen ions across the membrane is what drives ATP synthase, an enzyme that synthesizes ATP as H+ ions flow back into the matrix through it.
Conclude that the primary source of the hydrogen ions that drive ATP synthase in chemiosmosis is the electron transport chain in the mitochondria, not the Krebs cycle, glycolysis, or photosynthesis.