Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Anatomy & Physiology

16. The Endocrine System

Introduction to the Endocrine System

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Multiple Choice

The chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla secrete which neurotransmitters?

Dopamine and serotonin

Acetylcholine and GABA

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Cortisol and aldosterone

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of chromaffin cells: Chromaffin cells are specialized cells located in the adrenal medulla, which is part of the adrenal gland. Their primary function is to secrete neurotransmitters in response to stress signals from the sympathetic nervous system.

Identify the neurotransmitters secreted by chromaffin cells: Chromaffin cells are responsible for producing and releasing catecholamines, which include epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline). These neurotransmitters play a key role in the 'fight or flight' response.

Eliminate incorrect options: Dopamine and serotonin are neurotransmitters primarily associated with the central nervous system and mood regulation, not the adrenal medulla. Acetylcholine and GABA are involved in neural signaling but are not secreted by chromaffin cells. Cortisol and aldosterone are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, not the medulla.

Focus on the correct answer: Epinephrine and norepinephrine are the correct neurotransmitters secreted by chromaffin cells. These catecholamines are released into the bloodstream during stress to increase heart rate, blood pressure, and energy availability.

Summarize the physiological significance: The secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine by chromaffin cells is crucial for the body's acute stress response, helping to prepare the body for immediate physical activity or danger.