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Multiple Choice
Which hormone promotes the reabsorption of water from the kidneys back into the extracellular fluid (ECF) by osmosis?
A
Cortisol
B
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C
Insulin
D
Aldosterone
Verified step by step guidance
1
Identify the function of each hormone listed in the options: Cortisol, Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), Insulin, and Aldosterone.
Understand that the reabsorption of water from the kidneys back into the extracellular fluid (ECF) is a process that involves osmosis, which is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
Recognize that Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is responsible for increasing the permeability of the kidney's collecting ducts to water, thereby promoting water reabsorption into the bloodstream.
Note that Cortisol is primarily involved in the stress response and metabolism regulation, Insulin regulates blood glucose levels, and Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, which indirectly affects water retention.
Conclude that the hormone directly promoting water reabsorption by osmosis in the kidneys is Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).