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Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the most superficial layer enclosing the heart?
A
Myocardium
B
Fibrous pericardium
C
Parietal pericardium
D
Visceral pericardium
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the structure of the heart and its surrounding layers. The heart is enclosed by several layers, each serving a specific function. These layers include the fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium, visceral pericardium, and myocardium.
Define the fibrous pericardium. It is the outermost layer of the pericardium, made of dense connective tissue. Its primary role is to protect the heart, anchor it to surrounding structures (like the diaphragm and sternum), and prevent overfilling of the heart.
Define the parietal pericardium. This is the inner layer of the pericardium that lines the fibrous pericardium. It is part of the serous pericardium, which produces lubricating fluid to reduce friction between the heart and surrounding structures.
Define the visceral pericardium. Also known as the epicardium, this layer is directly attached to the surface of the heart and is the innermost layer of the serous pericardium.
Compare the layers to determine which is the most superficial. The fibrous pericardium is the outermost layer, making it the most superficial layer enclosing the heart.