Begin by understanding the anatomy of the eye and the path light takes as it enters and travels through the eye to reach the retina.
Light first enters the eye through the air and then encounters the cornea, which is the transparent front part of the eye that helps focus incoming light.
After passing through the cornea, light moves into the aqueous humor, a clear fluid located in the anterior chamber between the cornea and the lens.
Next, light travels through the lens, which further focuses the light onto the retina. The lens is flexible and can change shape to adjust focus.
Finally, light passes through the vitreous humor, a gel-like substance filling the space between the lens and the retina, before reaching the retina where the image is processed.