Identify the structures involved in the passage of light through the eye: cornea, anterior segment, pupil, lens, and posterior segment.
Understand the function of each structure: the cornea refracts light, the anterior segment contains aqueous humor, the pupil regulates light entry, the lens focuses light, and the posterior segment contains the vitreous humor.
Determine the initial point of light entry: light first enters through the cornea, which is the eye's outermost layer.
Trace the path of light through the eye: after the cornea, light passes through the anterior segment, then through the pupil, which is the opening in the iris.
Continue tracing the path: light then passes through the lens, which focuses it onto the retina, and finally through the posterior segment, which maintains the eye's shape and allows light to reach the retina.