Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

4. Tissues & Histology

Classes of Connective Tissue

Anatomy & Physiology

4. Tissues & Histology

Classes of Connective Tissue

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4:06 minutes

Problem 27

Textbook Question

A layer of glycoproteins and a network of fine protein filaments that prevents the movement of proteins and other large molecules from the connective tissue to the epithelium describe
(a) Interfacial canals
(b) The basement membrane
(c) The reticular lamina
(d) Areolar tissue
(e) Squamous epithelium

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the problem: The question is asking about a structure that prevents the movement of proteins and large molecules from connective tissue to epithelium. This structure is described as having glycoproteins and fine protein filaments.

Review the options provided: (a) interfacial canals, (b) the basement membrane, (c) the reticular lamina, (d) areolar tissue, (e) squamous epithelium. Each option represents a different anatomical structure or tissue type.

Recall the function and composition of the basement membrane: It is a specialized structure located between epithelial tissue and connective tissue. It consists of glycoproteins and protein filaments, such as collagen, and serves as a selective barrier to prevent the movement of large molecules.

Differentiate the reticular lamina from the basement membrane: The reticular lamina is a part of the basement membrane but specifically refers to the layer of connective tissue fibers beneath the basal lamina. It does not fully describe the barrier function mentioned in the problem.

Eliminate incorrect options: Interfacial canals, areolar tissue, and squamous epithelium do not match the description provided in the problem. The correct answer is likely the basement membrane, as it fits the description of glycoproteins and protein filaments preventing molecular movement.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Basement Membrane

The basement membrane is a thin, fibrous layer of extracellular matrix that separates epithelial cells from underlying connective tissue. It provides structural support and acts as a selective barrier, regulating the movement of molecules between the epithelium and connective tissue. Composed of glycoproteins and collagen, it plays a crucial role in tissue organization and cell signaling.

Glycoproteins

Glycoproteins are proteins that have carbohydrate chains attached to them, which can influence their function and stability. In the context of the basement membrane, glycoproteins contribute to its structural integrity and help in cell adhesion, signaling, and the regulation of cellular activities. They are essential for maintaining the proper architecture of tissues.

Protein Filaments

Protein filaments, such as collagen and elastin, are structural components of the extracellular matrix that provide strength and elasticity to tissues. In the basement membrane, these filaments form a network that supports the epithelium and restricts the passage of large molecules, ensuring that only specific substances can move between the connective tissue and epithelial layers.

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What kind of connective tissue prevents muscles from pulling away from bones during contraction?

a. Dense connective

b. Areolar

c. Elastic connective

d. Hyaline cartilage

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What are the general structural characteristics of connective tissues? What are the functions of connective tissues? How are their functions reflected in their structures?

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Match the appropriate structure with the proper description and/or function.

1. Made of dense, irregular connective tissue

2. Produce sebum

3. Helps regulate body temperature by producing sweat

4. Cause fingerprints

5. Houses the hair root

6. Superficial keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

7. Deep pressure receptors

8. Vascular layer that houses skin appendages

a. Dermal papillae

b. Lamellar corpuscles

c. Dermis

d. Hair follicle

e. Epidermis

f. Eccrine sweat gland

g. Reticular layer

h. Sebaceous glands

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What is the name of the connective tissue membrane found lining the joint cavities?

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Why does damaged cartilage heal slowly?

(a) Chondrocytes cannot be replaced if killed, and other cell types must take their place.

(b) Cartilage is avascular, so nutrients and other molecules must diffuse to the site of injury.

(d) Chondrocytes divide more slowly than other cell types, delaying the healing process.

(e) Damaged collagen cannot be quickly replaced, thereby slowing the healing process.

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Textbook Question

During a lab practical, a student examines a tissue that is composed of densely packed protein fibers that run parallel to each other and form a cord. There are no striations, but small nuclei are visible. The student identifies the tissue as skeletal muscle. Why is the student's choice wrong, and what tissue is he probably observing?

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Describe the fluid connective tissues in the human body. What are the main differences between fluid connective tissues and supporting connective tissues?

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Matrix is a characteristic of which type of tissue?

(a) Epithelial

(b) Nervous

(d) Connective

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