Textbook Question
Which are ways in which muscle names have been derived?
a. Attachments
b. Size
c. Function
d. Location
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10. Muscles
Muscle Naming
1:54 minutesProblem 8
Textbook Question
Intrinsic muscles of the back that promote extension of the spine (or head) include all but:
a. Splenius muscles
b. Semispinalis muscles
c. Scalene muscles
d. Erector spinae
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the function of intrinsic back muscles: Intrinsic muscles of the back are responsible for movements of the spine, such as extension, rotation, and lateral flexion. They are located deep within the back and are primarily involved in maintaining posture and controlling spinal movements.
Identify the muscles listed in the question: The options provided are Splenius muscles, Semispinalis muscles, Scalene muscles, and Erector spinae. Each of these muscle groups has specific functions and anatomical locations.
Review the role of Splenius muscles: These muscles are located in the posterior neck and upper thoracic region. They assist in extending the head and neck, as well as rotating and laterally flexing the head.
Review the role of Semispinalis muscles and Erector spinae: The Semispinalis muscles are part of the transversospinalis group and contribute to extension and rotation of the spine. The Erector spinae group is the primary extensor of the spine, responsible for maintaining an upright posture and extending the vertebral column.
Clarify the role of Scalene muscles: Scalene muscles are located in the neck and are primarily involved in elevating the ribs during respiration and flexing the neck laterally. They do not contribute to extension of the spine or head, making them the correct answer to exclude from the intrinsic back muscles promoting extension.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Intrinsic Muscles of the Back
Intrinsic muscles of the back are those that originate and insert within the vertebral column. They play a crucial role in maintaining posture and facilitating movements such as extension, rotation, and lateral flexion of the spine. Understanding these muscles is essential for identifying their specific functions and contributions to spinal mechanics.
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Muscle Groups Involved in Spine Extension
Several muscle groups are primarily responsible for extending the spine, including the erector spinae and semispinalis muscles. The erector spinae is a large muscle group that runs along the length of the spine, while the semispinalis muscles are deeper and assist in both extension and rotation. Recognizing which muscles contribute to these movements is vital for answering questions about spinal function.
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Scalene Muscles
The scalene muscles are located in the lateral neck and are primarily involved in the flexion and rotation of the neck, as well as assisting with respiration. Unlike the intrinsic back muscles, they do not contribute to the extension of the spine. Understanding the role of scalene muscles helps differentiate them from other muscle groups that directly affect spinal extension.
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