Textbook Question
The strongest masticatory muscle is the
(a) Pterygoid
(b) Masseter
(c) Temporalis
(d) Mandible
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10. Muscles
Muscle Naming
Problem 9
Textbook Question
Important flexors of the vertebral column that act in opposition to the erector spinae are the
(a) Rectus abdominis
(b) Longus capitis
(c) Longus colli
(d) Scalene
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the function of the erector spinae muscles: These muscles are responsible for extending the vertebral column and maintaining an upright posture. Flexors of the vertebral column act in opposition to these muscles by bending the spine forward.
Review the anatomy and function of the rectus abdominis: This muscle is located in the anterior abdominal wall and is a primary flexor of the vertebral column. It helps in movements like bending forward and is involved in activities such as sit-ups.
Examine the longus capitis and longus colli muscles: These muscles are located in the neck region and primarily assist in flexion and rotation of the cervical spine, not the entire vertebral column.
Analyze the scalene muscles: These muscles are also located in the neck and assist in lateral flexion and elevation of the ribs during breathing. They are not major flexors of the vertebral column.
Conclude that the rectus abdominis is the most important flexor of the vertebral column among the options provided, as it directly opposes the action of the erector spinae by flexing the spine forward.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Erector Spinae
The erector spinae is a group of muscles located along the spine that are primarily responsible for extending and stabilizing the vertebral column. This muscle group plays a crucial role in maintaining an upright posture and facilitating movements such as bending backward and lateral flexion.
Flexors of the Vertebral Column
Flexors of the vertebral column are muscles that facilitate the bending of the spine forward. These muscles, including the rectus abdominis, work in opposition to the erector spinae, allowing for movements such as trunk flexion and rotation, which are essential for various daily activities and athletic performance.
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Spine (Vertebral Column)
Muscle Opposition
Muscle opposition refers to the functional relationship between muscles that perform opposite actions. In the context of the vertebral column, flexors and extensors work together to create balance and control during movement, ensuring that the spine can flex and extend smoothly without injury.
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