Textbook Question
Intrinsic muscles of the back that promote extension of the spine (or head) include all but:
a. Splenius muscles
b. Semispinalis muscles
c. Scalene muscles
d. Erector spinae
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10. Muscles
Muscle Naming
2:10 minutesProblem 10
Textbook Question
A prime mover of thigh flexion is the:
a. Rectus femoris
b. Iliopsoas
c. Vastus muscles
d. Gluteus maximus
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of 'prime mover' in anatomy. A prime mover, also known as an agonist, is the muscle primarily responsible for producing a specific movement at a joint.
Step 2: Identify the movement described in the problem. Thigh flexion refers to the action of bringing the thigh closer to the torso, which occurs at the hip joint.
Step 3: Review the functions of the muscles listed in the options:
- Rectus femoris: Part of the quadriceps group, assists in hip flexion but is not the primary mover.
- Iliopsoas: A combination of the iliacus and psoas major muscles, it is the primary mover for thigh flexion.
- Vastus muscles: Part of the quadriceps group, primarily involved in knee extension, not hip flexion.
- Gluteus maximus: A major extensor of the thigh, responsible for moving the thigh backward, not flexion.
Step 4: Based on the analysis, determine which muscle is the prime mover for thigh flexion. The iliopsoas is the primary muscle responsible for this action due to its anatomical position and function.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is the iliopsoas, as it is the prime mover for thigh flexion at the hip joint.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Thigh Flexion
Thigh flexion refers to the movement that decreases the angle between the thigh and the pelvis, bringing the knee closer to the chest. This action is crucial in various activities such as walking, running, and climbing. Understanding the mechanics of thigh flexion helps in identifying which muscles are primarily responsible for this movement.
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Prime Movers
Prime movers, or agonists, are the muscles that are primarily responsible for producing a specific movement. In the context of thigh flexion, identifying the prime mover is essential for understanding which muscle initiates and controls the movement effectively. This concept is fundamental in anatomy and kinesiology, as it helps in analyzing muscle function during physical activities.
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Muscle Anatomy
Muscle anatomy involves the study of the structure and function of muscles in the body. Key muscles involved in thigh flexion include the rectus femoris and iliopsoas. A solid grasp of muscle anatomy is necessary to determine which muscles act as prime movers in specific movements, aiding in both academic study and practical applications in fields like physical therapy and sports science.
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