Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating cardiac output?
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18. The Heart
Electrical Conduction System of the Heart
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What causes the semilunar valves to open during the cardiac cycle?
A
Decreased pressure in the atria
B
Increased pressure in the ventricles
C
Decreased pressure in the ventricles
D
Increased pressure in the atria
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the function of semilunar valves: These valves are located between the ventricles and the major arteries (aorta and pulmonary artery) and prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles.
Identify the phases of the cardiac cycle: The cardiac cycle consists of systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation). During systole, the ventricles contract.
Recognize the role of pressure in valve operation: Valves open and close based on pressure differences. When pressure in the ventricles exceeds the pressure in the arteries, the semilunar valves open.
Analyze the pressure changes during ventricular systole: As the ventricles contract, the pressure inside them increases significantly.
Conclude that increased pressure in the ventricles during systole causes the semilunar valves to open, allowing blood to flow into the arteries.
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