Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following determines the sign of ΔG for a reaction?

The enzyme catalyzing the reaction's having a high affinity (strength of binding) for the reactants

The enzyme catalyzing the reaction's having a low affinity for the products

The free energy of the products

The free energy of the reactants

The free energy of the reactants and the free energy of the products

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand that ΔG, or Gibbs free energy change, is a measure of the spontaneity of a reaction. It indicates whether a reaction will occur without external energy input.

Recall the formula for Gibbs free energy change: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the change in enthalpy, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔS is the change in entropy.

Recognize that the sign of ΔG is determined by the difference in free energy between the products and the reactants. Specifically, ΔG = G_products - G_reactants.

Note that if the free energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants, ΔG will be negative, indicating a spontaneous reaction. Conversely, if the free energy of the products is higher, ΔG will be positive, indicating a non-spontaneous reaction.

Conclude that the enzyme's affinity for reactants or products does not directly determine the sign of ΔG. Instead, it is the free energy of the reactants and products that determines the sign of ΔG.