Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Organization of DNA in the Cell

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Organization of DNA in the Cell

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1:14 minutes

Problem 2

Textbook Question

Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates duplicated chromosomes.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the duplicated chromosomes in the first image. These are the structures that look like 'X' shapes.

Label the sister chromatids in the first image. These are the two identical halves of each duplicated chromosome, indicated by label 1.

Label the centromere in the first image. This is the point where the two sister chromatids are joined together, indicated by label 2.

Label the chromatids in the first image. These are the individual arms of the duplicated chromosomes, indicated by label 3.

In the second image, identify the duplicated chromosomes and label the sister chromatids, centromere, and chromatids similarly to the first image.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Chromosomes

Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information. In humans, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes, with one set inherited from each parent. They play a crucial role in cell division, ensuring that DNA is accurately replicated and distributed to daughter cells.

Sister Chromatids

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a single chromosome that are connected at a region called the centromere. They are formed during DNA replication in the S phase of the cell cycle and are separated during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) to ensure that each new cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.

Centromere

The centromere is the constricted region of a chromosome where sister chromatids are joined together. It plays a vital role during cell division by serving as the attachment point for spindle fibers, which pull the chromatids apart to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring proper segregation of genetic material.