Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

12. The Central Nervous System

Introduction to the Central Nervous System

Anatomy & Physiology

12. The Central Nervous System

Introduction to the Central Nervous System

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2:48 minutes

Problem 5

Textbook Question

The neural cells responsible for the analysis of sensory inputs and coordination of motor outputs are:
(a) Neuroglia
(b) Interneurons
(c) Sensory neurons
(d) Motor neurons

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the role of neural cells in the nervous system. Neural cells are specialized for transmitting and processing information. There are different types of neural cells, each with distinct functions, such as sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons, and neuroglia.

Step 2: Define the function of sensory neurons. Sensory neurons are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system (CNS). They do not analyze sensory inputs or coordinate motor outputs.

Step 3: Define the function of motor neurons. Motor neurons transmit signals from the CNS to muscles or glands to produce movement or responses. They are involved in motor outputs but do not analyze sensory inputs.

Step 4: Define the function of neuroglia. Neuroglia are support cells in the nervous system that provide structural and metabolic support to neurons. They do not directly analyze sensory inputs or coordinate motor outputs.

Step 5: Define the function of interneurons. Interneurons are located within the CNS and are responsible for processing and integrating sensory inputs and coordinating motor outputs. They act as the link between sensory and motor neurons, making them the correct answer for this problem.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Neural Cells

Neural cells, or neurons, are specialized cells in the nervous system that transmit information through electrical and chemical signals. They play a crucial role in processing sensory information and coordinating responses. Understanding the different types of neurons is essential for grasping how the nervous system functions.

Interneurons

Interneurons are a type of neuron that act as a bridge between sensory and motor neurons. They are primarily responsible for processing information within the central nervous system, facilitating communication between different neural pathways. This makes them vital for reflexes and complex behaviors, as they integrate sensory input and coordinate motor output.

Sensory and Motor Neurons

Sensory neurons are responsible for transmitting sensory information from receptors to the central nervous system, while motor neurons carry signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands to elicit responses. Understanding the roles of these neurons helps clarify how the body perceives stimuli and reacts accordingly, highlighting the importance of interneurons in this process.

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Textbook Question

Neuroglia present in large numbers in areas of bacterial infection in the brain are most likely:

a. Oligodendrocytes

b. Astrocytes

c. Ependymal cells

d. Microglia

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Textbook Question

What is the basis for the functional classification of neurons?

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Textbook Question

Two major cell groups make up the nervous system—neurons and supporting cells such as astrocytes and Schwann cells. Which are 'nervous' cells?

Why? What are the major functions of the other cell group?

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Textbook Question

Phagocytic cells in nervous tissue of the CNS are:

(a) Astrocytes

(b) Ependymal cells

(d) Microglia.

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Textbook Question

Why can't most neurons in the CNS be replaced when they are lost to injury or disease?

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Textbook Question

Describe the stages of sleep and outline the order in which we progress through these stages during a typical night's sleep

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Textbook Question

Explain how the cerebellum is physically connected to the brain stem.

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Textbook Question

A professor unexpectedly blew a loud horn in his anatomy and physiology class. The students looked up, startled. The reflexive movements of their eyes were mediated by the:

a. Cerebral cortex

b. Inferior olives

c. Raphe nuclei

d. Superior colliculi

e. Nucleus gracilis